Ulat instar 4 memakan seluruh bagian daun dan menyisakan tulang daunnya park et al. Pengaruh penggunaan beberapa mulsa terhadap serangan ulat bawang spodoptera exigua lepidoptera. Hama ulat daun bawang spodoptera exigua hubner munawi. A chromosomelevel genome assembly for the beet armyworm. Spodoptera exigua is native to the tropics and subtropics of almost the entire world. Eggs can be killed with petroleum oil, and both eggs and young larvae can be controlled with foliar applications of 5% cottonseed oil, but this concentra. Oct 06, 2012 pupa spodoptera exigua hubner pertama tama berwarna coklat muda, kemudian pada saat menjadi imago berubah menjadi coklat kehitam hitaman pupa berada dalam tanah pada kedalaman kurang lebih 10 cm. This is a western united states species with coloration totally unlike s. Mitochondrial dna phylogeography of spodoptera exigua 3 genetics and molecular research 15 3. Pada gambar 2 terlihat bahwa nilai lt50, pada konsentrasi tertinggi senpv. Strategies for sustainable control of beet armyworm. We report a chromosomelevel genome assembly using singlemolecule realtime. The most virulent isolate of the nematode was selected amongst isolates from solo, jombang, and medan. Beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua insecticide resistance action committee.
The designation of true armyworm is reserved for pseudoletia unipunctata. Pathological assay and performance improvement of spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus senpv. Spodoptera exigua modulates gossypol biosynthesis in. Spodoptera exigua hiibner abdominal segments with at least one pair of dorsal triangular markings figs. New spodoptera exigua cell lines susceptible to spodoptera.
Bacillus thuringiensis cry1caresistant spodoptera exigua. Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of female. Assessment of resistance risk in spodoptera exigua hubner lepidoptera. Spodoptera exigua beet armyworm hubner, 1808 spodoptera fasciculata berio, 1973 spodoptera frugiperda smith, 1797 spodoptera hipparis druce, 1889 spodoptera latifascia walker, 1856 spodoptera littoralis boisduval, 1833 spodoptera litura fabricius, 1775 spodoptera malagasy viette, 1967.
In the british isles, where it is an introduced species and not. Seperti yang dilaporkan oleh marwoto dan bedjo 1996 ketahananresistensi. Spodoptera species uk plant health information portal. Allium ascalonicum, shallot, spodoptera exigua, spodoptera mauritia, pest control, insecticide, brebes, cirebon introduction one of the major problems faced by farmers in efforts to increase shallot production in lowland is the high crops damage caused by onion caterpillar spodoptera exigua. Contact individual photographers for permission to use for any purpose. Armyworm valent biosciences biorational crop protection. Siklus hidup spodoptera exigua pada pakan buatan daun bawang merah dan daun bawang prey di bawah binthingan hendarko sugondo dan moehammad hadi. Biokids kids inquiry of diverse species, spodoptera. Unfortunately, genetic resources for the beet armyworm is extremely scarce. Gambar 1 perkembangan populasi telur dan larva ugb pada pertanaman. The roughly 30 species are distributed across six continents. Furthermore, the female calling behavior was inhibited and lateshifted by.
Electroantennogram eag recordings showed that female spodoptera exigua can detect their own sex pheromones two single components and their mixture, displaying a similar doseresponse pattern to that of males, although intensities of female responses were much less at all doses compared with males. Ulat grayak tinggal di bawah permukaan tanah di siang hari dan. Pemanfaatan baculovirus sebagai bioinsektisida potensi pemanfaatan baculovirus untuk mengendalikan hama tanaman pertama kali diketahui pada awal tahun 1900an. Siklus hidup ulat grayak spodoptera litura, f dan tingkat. It is native to asia, but has been introduced worldwide and is now found almost anywhere its many host crops are grown. Spodoptera exigua laphegoverview eppo global database. Due to its larvae consuming a wide range of vegetation, s.
Pathogenicity of spodoptera exigua nucleo polyhedro virus for control. Cloning and characterization of three chemosensory. Spodoptera adalah ngengat yang termasuk dalam suku noctuidae. Ulat yang tidak berbulu oleh awam biasa disebut ulat tentara atau ulat grayak di indonesia, ulat grayak utama adalah spodoptera exigua larva berwarna coklat kehijauan dan s. Adults emerge during any warm period in the southern united states. Spodoptera exigua is a highly dispersive, polyphagous species that is a serious pest of vegetable, field and flower crops. Spodoptera wikipedia bahasa indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas. Berbeda halnya dengan instar 46, gejala serangan pada daun tidak meninggalkan transparan atau sisasisa bagian. A new cell line from spodoptera exigua lepidoptera. Beet armyworms occur in warmer regions of the mediterranean countries, north america and africa and invade the cooler northern regions as temperatures permit. Beet armyworm beet armyworm spodoptera exigua is one of the most destructive polyphagous pest species of worldwide economic importance.
Analisis hama ulat bawang spodoptera exigua pada tanaman. Timbulnya strain yang tahan terhadap insektisida kimia adalah fenomena yang sering muncul pada serangga yang sering terpapar oleh insektisida kimia. Efficacy of the extract from sugar apple leaves annona. Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus senpv is an entomophathogenic virus of onion caterpillar s. Efficacy, annona squamosa, extract, mortality, first instar larva, spodoptera exigua. The beet armyworm or small mottled willow moth spodoptera exigua is one of the bestknown agricultural pest insects. However, the lacking of genome architecture severely limits our understanding of its rapid adaptation and the development of efficient pest managements. Imago betina meletakkan telur pada daun bawang merah secara berkelompok dan ditutupi oleh bulubulu atau sisik dari induknya. Jun 18, 20 the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua, is one of the most serious agricultural pests of vegetable and flower crops in many agricultural areas all over the world. Spodoptera exigua atau yang biasa dikenal dengan ulat daun bawang mempunyai mempunyai beberapa variasi warna yaitu hijau, cokelat muda, dan hitam kecoklatan. Siklus hidup nep famili steinernematidae dan heterorhabditidae 5. Yoshiaki noma, yoshinori asakawa, in comprehensive natural products ii, 2010. Among the clones from the ssh libraries, cdna fragments coding for two different apns were obtained apn2 and apn4.
Beet armyworms occur in medi terranean countries, north america, asia and africa, and invade the cooler northern regions as temperatures permit. Noctuidae from four districts of the southern punjab, pakistan to four conventional and six new chemistry insecticides. Keys about fact sheets glossary larval morphology references. Spodoptera littoralisis a destructive pest of subtropical and tropical agriculture, and has the potential to be a serious pest of glasshouse crops in. The most common originhost combinations are listed here. Spodoptera exigua is considered one of the worst agricultural pests worldwide. Larva is a pest on many plants, including apple, beans, beets, corn, lettuce, peas, potato, and tomato. New spodoptera exigua cell lines susceptible tospodoptera exigua nuclear polyhedrosis virus.
The beet armyworm spodoptera exigua is one of the most destructive polyphagous pest species of worldwide economic importance. Beet armyworm spodoptera exigua andermatt biocontrol. Setiawati rentangan sayap ngengat spodoptera exigua hbn. Noctuida e merupakan hama penting karena setiap musim tanam hama ini selalu menyerang pada tanaman bawang merah metchal and flint, 1962. Common hostorigin combinations for the four most frequently intercepted species of spodoptera s. Pdf invasion and attack level of beet armyworm spodoptera. Spodoptera exigua, an insect known as the beet armyworm, is thought to have originated in southeast asia. Biological control of vectors manual for collecting, field. Population genetic diversity and genetic structure of. Spodoptera litura an overview sciencedirect topics. It is also known as the asparagus fern caterpillar. Other species are generally distributed across the new world or the old world pogue 2002.
Our findings indicate that persistence of both the biopesticides was significantly reduced at 21 day postapplication when tested against first instar larvae of the s. Feeding and life history of spodoptera exigua lepidoptera. Ulat daun bawang spodoptera exigua hubner mempunyai beberapa variasi warna yaitu hijau, cokelat muda, dan hitam kecoklatan. Spodoptera exigua synonyms, spodoptera exigua antonyms. A manual of the insects of the hawaiian islands, including enumeration of the species and notes on the origin, distribution, hosts, parasites, etc. Aug 01, 2012 moekasan 1996 menyatakan populasi hama s. The purpose of this handout is to guide you in the dissection, screening, and identification of moths collected in spodoptera. Biotransformation of acyclic, monocyclic, and bicyclic monoterpenoids by various bacteria, fungi, insect larvae, such as spodoptera litura, and mammals, such as rabbits and possums, and human and rat cytochrome enzyme is summarized. Spodoptera exigua larvaldamaged hd cotton plants and mechanically damaged plants treated with s. Noctuidae 4 beet armyworm larvae are susceptible to neem products prabhaker et al. Oct 26, 2009 spodoptera exigua, commonly known as rosquilla verde in spain or gusano soldado in latin america, and beet armyworm in the usa and other english speaking countries. Nematoda entomopatogen pada hama bawang merah spodoptera exigua ini. Spodoptera litura is also known as the oriental leafworm moth, cluster caterpillar, cotton leafworm, tobacco cutworm, tropical armyworm, taro caterpillar, tobacco budworm, rice cutworm, and cotton cutworm. Susceptible crops include asparagus, cabbage, pepper, tomato, lettuce, celery, strawberry, eggplant, sugar beet, alfalfa, and cotton.
Spodoptera exigua is a cosmopolitan species present in most eppo countries, either outdoors or in protected cultivation. The spherical cells were predominant among the various cell types. Effectiveness of entomopathogenic nematodes steinernema spp. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengamatan langsung di lapangan dengan mengamati populasi s. It belongs to family noctuidae, order lepidoptera and commonly called as laddi hulu. Consequently, it has expanded its geographic range extensively outside of asia, becoming an invasive species and crop pest throughout the world. Spodoptera exigua is frequently intercepted from various countries throughout the world, although mexico is the most common origin, accounting for 75% of the total number of interceptions. Gambar 2 dipasang secara diagonal pada saat tanam di areal penelitian. Transcriptome analysis and screening for potential target. Spodoptera exigua spodoptera exigua belongs in the subgroup of spodoptera moths that lack contrasting transverse black, brown, white lines on the forewings. Under supervision of teguh santoso, aunu rauf and yayi munara kusumah. Armyworm includes several species including the beet armyworm spodoptera exigua, fall armyworm s.
Noctuidae pada tanaman bawang merah allium ascalonicum di desa bolu pountu jaya kecamatan sigi. Moreover, spodoptera exigua penetrates as an uncommon migrant far north and was found for example in germany many times. Gejala ulat spodoptera exigua yang terinfeksi virus isolat puncak pada tanaman bawang daun. Sex pheromone of the spanish population of the beet armyworm spodoptera exigua. As seen in sesquiterpenoids, these organisms introduce oxygen atom at their allylic. Spodoptera exigua spodoptera exigua merupakan hama serangga larva penggerek daun bawang merah. Links to species fact sheets spodoptera exigua spodoptera frugiperda spodoptera littoralis spodoptera litura larval diagnosis detailed. In the 1950s, this pest destroyed young citrus trees and nursery stocks in california, leading to substantial economic losses in approximately 500 acres of citrus areas. Because spodoptera is a worldwide genus with many polyphagous species, larvae can be intercepted from nearly any origin on most any host. View spodoptera exigua research papers on academia. Hal ini terjadi karena tanaman bawang merah merupakan inang utama spodoptera exigua. Pengendalian secara bercocok tanam, meliputi pengaturan waktu tanam, pergiliran tanaman, tanam serentak, tumpang sari atau monokultur, penggunaan benih unggul bermutu dan sehat, sanitasipengendalian gulma di sekitar pertanaman dan saluran, pengolahan tanah yang sempurna, pengelolaan air yang baik, pengaturan jarak tanam, penanaman tanaman perangkap.
Gejala serangan larva spodoptera litura larva yang masih muda instar merusak daun dengan meninggalkan sisasisa pada epidermis bagian atas transparan dan tulang daun gambar 6 a. Spex xi, was established from the pupal ovaries of spodoptera exigua lepidoptera. Spodoptera exigua yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari kabupaten brebes, kemudian dibiakkan di laboratorium biologi fmipa universitas negeri semarang 3. Spodoptera is a genus of moths of the family noctuidae first described by achille guenee in 1852. Ulat yang hidup di dataran tinggi umumnya berwarna coklat. Spodoptera exigua, the beet armyworm, is a small pale gray brown noctuid moth fw length 11 16 mm with a fairly nondescript pattern that includes a pale round obicular with a gray to orange central ocellus and translucent white hindwings with a dark veins and dark marginal band at the anterior outer margin. Spodoptera praefica has a rectangular, somewhat obscure, black spot on the mesothorax. Steps for the dissection of male spodoptera moths lepidoptera. General information about spodoptera exigua lapheg eppo global database. Black dashes at the base of the forewing are absent. Suppression subtractive hybridization ssh was used to construct cdna libraries of genes that are upand downregulated in the midgut of last instar larvae of beet armyworm, s. Their ability to fly long distances has enabled them to.
Pm 7124 1 spodoptera littoralis, spodoptera litura. This insect has attacked welsh onion in japan since the early 1980s horikiri 1986, takai 1988a and is now the most important pest of welsh onion in southwestern japan. Noctuidae was evaluated in the laboratory of nematology and biological control at the faculty of agriculture, gadjah mada university. Penetapan ambang pengendalian spodoptera exigua pada. This moth is found in asia, with some specific problematic pest population reports occurring in cambodia, hong kong, india, the pacific islands, guam, american. Siklus hidup ulat grayak spodoptera litura, f dan tingkat serangan. Various species are a problem in many parts of the world.
Males and females are similar, and neither shows much color variation. Spodoptera litura, f bptp kalsel kementerian pertanian. A complete list of the host and origin data for spodoptera spp. Dinamikapopulasi spodoptera exigua hubner lepidoptera. Proses pembentukan pupa terjadi di tanah, pupa rium dibentuk dari pasir dan partikel tanah yang disatukan dengan cairan yang keluar dari mulut yang mengeras ketika kering. Monitoring of resistance in spodoptera exigua lepidoptera. Spodoptera exigua has no known positive economic importance to humans economic importance for humans. Fenomena ini akan menurunkan keefektifan pengendalian kimiawi. Uji patologi dan perbaikan kinerja spodoptera exigua. Larvae are polyphagous, and approximately 250 hosts are listed in pestid. Cloning and characterization of three chemosensory proteins from spodoptera exigua and effects of gene silencing on female survival and reproduction volume 102 issue 5 l.
It is also one of the most frequently intercepted species in trade in eu countries. Spodoptera exigua laphegdocuments eppo global database. Noctuidae on different host plants article pdf available in annals of the entomological society of america 94jul 2001. Larvanya ulatnya dikenal sebagai hama yang sangat merusak. Beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua hubner, 1808 lepidoptera, noctuidae, and flight dynamics data in the sombor region. But some records are also based on passive transport as with agricultural products. Details are accurate to the best of our knowledge but irac and its member companies cannot accept responsibility for how this information is used or interpreted. To improve these resources we sequenced the transcriptome of s.
The beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua hubner, is a serious pest in southeast asia. Berbeda halnya dengan instar 46, gejala serangan pada daun tidak. Potensi campuran spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus neliti. Siklus hidup spodoptera exigua pada pakan buatan daun. Sejak telur menetas menjadi ulat, berkepompong, lalu menjadi serangga dewasa membutuhkan waktu kurang lebih 23 hari.
Spodoptera exigua, an insect known as the beet armyworm, originally came from southeast asia. Pnw moths spodoptera exigua pacific northwest moths. As adult moths, beet armyworms are extremely mobile. Kejadian penyakit entomovirus pada spodoptera exigua dalam. Cosmopolitan and polyphagous pest attacking rice, tobacco, tomato, maize, citrus, castor, groundnut, legumes and many other vegetables.
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